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Journal of the London Mathematical Society 2002 66(3):623-640; doi:10.1112/S0024610702003599
© 2002 by London Mathematical Society
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© The London Mathematical Society

Character Theory of Symmetric Groups and Subgroup Growth of Surface Groups

Thomas W. Müller and Jan-Christoph Puchta

School of Mathematical Sciences, Queen Mary, University of London Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, t.w.muller{at}qmul.ac.uk
Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford 24–29 St Giles’, Oxford OX1 3LB, puchta{at}maths.ox.ac.uk

Received 14 September 2001. Revision received 2 February 2002.

Results from the character theory of symmetric groups are used to obtain an asymptotic estimate for the subgroup growth of fundamental groups of closed 2-manifolds. The main result implies an affirmative answer, for the class of groups investigated, to a question of Lubotzky's concerning the relationship between the subgroup growth of a one-relator group and that of a free group of appropriately chosen rank. As byproducts, an interesting statistical property of commutators in symmetric groups and the fact that in a ‘large’ surface group almost all finite index subgroups are maximal are obtained, among other things. The approach requires an asymptotic estimate for the sum {Sigma}1/({chi}{lambda}(1))s taken over all partitions {lambda} of n with fixed s ≥ 1, which is also established.


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